Current Foot & Ankle Projects

Identifying the optimal position for minimally invasive 1st metatarsal osteotomy for hallux valgus reconstruction: a cadaveric study.
Objective(s):
- Perform a 4th generation MIS transverse osteotomy on cadavers utilizing the surgical guidelines provided from Chin et al4. We will then perform a dissection to assess the location of the osteotomy, and whether it is intra vs. extra articular.
- An x-ray will be done to better understand the anatomic features that correspond to the intra vs. extra articular location. - The vasculature of the distal metatarsal will be observed with ink.
- The results of our study are intending to provide recommendation to surgeons on where to make the osteotomy when it comes to treatment of hallux valgus, and also validate and extend any findings surrounding current literature.

Normative Data for Lateral Talar Subluxation in the Weight-Bearing Ankle.
Objective(s):
- Define the mean LTS value in a population with normal ankle anatomy
- Define the mean LTS value with subanalyses according to biological sex and ankle side
- Compare mean LTS to mean values for existing radiographic measurement tools of MCS and SCS

Talar blood supply following transfibular vs 2-incision approaches for TTC fusion
Objective(s):
- Identify which approach best preserves blood supply by comparing the frequency of peritalar arterial injury during TTCA joint preparation between 2-incision, transfibular and arthroscopic approaches.

3D Printing technology as a method for preoperative reconstructive surgical planning, phase 1.
Objective(s):
- While CN reconstruction and DIEP flap surgery are continuously improving, there is a need from both surgeons and patients for research to optimize surgical interventions. 3D printing is a promising tool, and we hypothesize that it will be effective for surgeons during presurgical planning for CN and DIEP flap surgery.
- This study aims to determine if it is feasible to use the artificial intelligence laboratory to produce 3D printed models from functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for both procedures.

Plantar capsule release combined with tenotomy for the release of a rigid hammertoe – cadaveric study
Objective(s):
- Since isolated tenotomies are effective for flexible hammer toes and current procedures for rigid hammer toes pose significant risks to patients, we hypothesize that extending the tenotomy approach into the PIP joint capsule to release the plantar capsule may correct the rigid PIP joint flexion deformity. This technique could substantially improve alignment while avoiding the use of wires or implants, thereby reducing the risk of nonhealing, ulceration and amputation.
- With the aim of identifying a novel technique to restore range of motion in a rigid hammer toe, we will perform a cadaveric study to optimize access to the plantar aspect of the PIP joint capsule and evaluate safety of adjacent neurovascular structures with this approach.

Displacement Following Minimally Invasive Versus Open Lateralizing Calcaneal Osteotomy.
Objective(s):
- Directly compare the lateral translation achieved with open versus MIS LDCO in a cadaveric model.

Effect of the Reverse Cotton Osteotomy on First Metatarsal Position: A Cadaveric Study
Objective(s):
- Understand the effect of the RCO on the position of the 1st metatarsal, thus providing guidance and recommendations for surgeons employing the reverse-Cotton osteotomy in the correction of adult acquired flatfoot.

The Clinical Anatomy of the Extensor Retinaculum of the Ankle
Objective(s):
- This research aims to provide morphofunctional considerations with gross anatomical and histological studies of the superior and inferior retinacula.
- Through morphometric analysis, we will identify the best tissue for repair during TAAs, ultimately improving surgical outcomes and reducing postoperative complications.

A Cadaveric Investigation of the Posterior Tibial Tendon Transfer: Which Route Provides the Shortest Distance to the Lateral Cuneiform?
Objective(s):
- To determine which PTT transfer route provides the greatest tendon distance in tunnel (TDIT) to the lateral cuneiform, and to assess the effect of routing the tendon over vs. under the extensor retinaculum.

Articular Cartilage and CFL Ligament Damage Following Fibular Nail Insertion: A Cadaveric Study
Objective(s):
- Damage to the cartilage or ligaments in the ankle can lead to degenerative changes and arthritis over time, potentially causing long-lasting disability. It is crucial to minimize harm to cartilage and ligaments because they play a vital role in joint function and overall joint health long term.
- Our study aims to address this gap by performing 10 IM nail fixations on cadaveric lower limbs and measuring the distance from and damage inflicted on structures of interest to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of fibular insertion surgery compared to traditional methods.

Exploring the Barriers and Facilitators for patients with Type II diabetes and lower limb complications undergoing major reconsructive surgery using an Ilizrov Ring Fixator
Objective(s):
- This study aims to explore the barriers and facilitators experienced by patients with Type II Diabetes undergoing major lower limb reconstructive surgery using an Ilizarov ring fixator.

Minimally Invasive Hallux Valgus and Lesser Toe Reconstruction Under Surgeon-Administered Ankle Block (SAAB): A Prospective Observational Study
Objective(s):
- To determine which PTT transfer route provides the shortest and most direct path to the lateral cuneiform among three options: (1) interosseous route medial to the anterior compartment, (2) interosseous route lateral to the anterior compartment, and (3) circumtibial route.